We, the presidents, rectors, and vice chancellors of universities from all regions of the world are deeply concerned about the unprecedented scale and speed of environmental pollution and degradation, and the depletion of natural resources. Local, regional, and global air and water pollution; accumulation and distribution of toxic wastes; destruction and depletion of the ozone layer and emission of "green-house" gases threaten the survival of humans and thousands of other living species, the integrity of the earth and its biodiversity, the security of nations, and the heritage of future generations. These environmental changes are caused by inequitable and unsustainable production and consumption patterns that aggravate poverty in many regions of the world.

We believe that urgent actions are needed to address these fundamental problems and reverse the trends. Stabilization of human population, adoption of environmentally sound industrial and agricultural technologies, reforestation, and ecological restoration are crucial elements in creating an equitable and sustainable future for all humankind in harmony with nature. Universities have a major role in the education, research, policy formation, and information exchange necessary to make these goals possible.

University heads must provide the leadership and support to mobilize internal and external resources so that their institutions respond to this urgent challenge. We, therefore, agree to take the following actions:

1. Use every opportunity to raise public, government, industry, foundation, and university awareness by publicly addressing the urgent need to move toward an environmentally sustainable future.
   

2. Encourage all universities to engage in education, research, policy formation, and information exchange on population, environment, and development to move toward a sustainable future.
   

3. Establish programs to produce expertise in environmental management, sustainable economic development, population, and related fields to ensure that all university graduates are environmentally literate and responsible citizens.
   

4. Create programs to develop the capability of university faculty to teach environmental literacy to all undergraduate, graduate, and professional school students.
   

5. Set an example of environmental responsibility by establishing programs of resource conservation, recycling, and waste reduction at the universities.
   

6. Encourage the involvement of government (at all levels), foundations, and industry in supporting university research, education, policy formation, and information exchange in environmentally sustainable development. Expand work with non-governmental organizations to assist in finding solutions to environmental problems.
   

7. Convene school deans and environmental practitioners to develop research, policy, information exchange programs, and curricula for an environmentally sustainable future.
   

8. Establish partnerships with primary and secondary schools to help develop the capability of their faculty to teach about population, environment, and sustainable development issues.
   

9. Work with the U.N. Conference on Environmental and Development, the U.N. Environment Programme, and other national and international organizations to promote a worldwide university effort toward a sustainable future.
   

10. Establish a steering committee and a secretariat to continue this momentum and inform and support each other's efforts in carrying out this declaration.

BY:

Jean Mayer,			           
President and conference convener	   
Tufts University, U.S.A.		   

Constantine W. Curris, President		
University of Northern Iowa, U.S.A.

Wesley Posvar, President
University of Pittsburgh, U.S.A

Carlos Vogt, President		
Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil

Pablo Arce, Vice Chancellor		
Universidad Autonoma		
de Centro America, Costa Rica

Michele Gendreau-Massaloux, Rector
l'Academie de Paris, France

T. Navaneeth Rao, Vice Chancellor	
Osmania University, India		

David Ward, Vice Chancellor		
University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S.A.

L. Ayo Banjo, Vice Chancellor
University of Ibadan, Nigeria

Adamu Nayaya Mohammed, Vice Chancellor	
Ahmadu Bello University, Niagara			

Moonis Raza, Vice Chancellor Emeritus
University of New Delhi, India		

Xide, Xie, President Emeritus
Fudan University, People's Republic of China

Boonrod Binson, Chancellor
Chulalongkorn University, Thiland

Augusto Frederico Muller, President
Fundacao Universidade Federal deMato Grosso, Brazil

Pavel D. Sarkisov, Rector
D.I. Mendeleev Institute of Chemical Technology, U.S.S.R.

Robert W. Charlton, Vice Chancellor and Principal
University of Witwatersrand, Union of South Africa

Mario Ojeda Gomez, President
Colegio de Mexico, Mexico		   

Stuart Saunders, Vice Chancellor and Principal
University of Cape Town, Union of South Africa

Calvin H. Plimpton, President, Emeritus
American University of Beirut, Lebanon

Akilagpa Sawyerr, Vice Chancellor
University of Ghana, Ghana


James McComas, President
VPI & SU, U.S.A